Body oval, strongly compressed, reaching to 55 cm. Mouth small, terminal; jaws not protrusible; a single row of compressed, incisiform teeth on jaws. Dorsal fin with XIII spines and 10 soft rays, preceded by embedded, recumbent spine. Anal fin with VII spines and 9 soft rays. Pelvic fins with an inner and outer spines and separated 3 soft rays. Fin spines with a pair of grooves containing venom glands. Body covered with small, cycloid scales. Color: species inhabiting coral reefs having bright color with reticulations and markings, and other species with drab mottled pattern.
Similar families occurring in the area. Acanthuridae and Chaetodontidae: I spine and 5 soft rays in pelvic fins.
Indo-Pacific and eastern Mediterranean. Each pelvic fin with 3 soft rays between an inner and an outer spine. Dorsal fin with 13 strong spines; soft rays 10. Anal fin spines 7; soft rays 9. Poisonous spines. About 40 cm maximum length. Some species in schools; others among corals. All species are diurnal herbivores that feed on benthic algae. Pelagic spawners. Important foodfishes. Some of the colorful species are popular in the aquarium trade
Remarks. Dwelling on bottom in shallow coastal waters. Some species found in coral reefs and others in mangroves and seagrass beds. Primarily herbivorous. Caught by bottom trawlers, traps, set nets and by spear. Marketed fresh.
Body oval, strongly compressed, its depth 1.8-2.3 in SL. Snout short, dorsal profile of head steep anteriorly, somewhat concave above eye. Fifth to eighth dorsal-fin spine longest. Last anal-fin spine longest, longer than longest dorsal-fin spine. Caudal fin emarginate but moderately forked in large adults. Scales minute. Color: many large to medium-sized orange to bronze spots scattered laterally on body with a bright yellow spot at base of last few dorsal-fin rays. Size: maximum length 45 cm. Distribution: Andaman Sea and western Pacific from Thailand, Vietnam, southern China, Philippines, Indonesia, and southern Japan. Remarks: inhabits shallow coastal waters, often in brackish waters especially sea grass and mangrove areas. Marketed fresh. (Seishi Kimura)
พบตามปากแม่น้ำ ป่าชายเลน ท่าเทียบเรือ แนวปะการัง กองหินใต้น้ำ แหล่งหญ้าทะเลบ และ ชายฝั่งทะเลทั่วไป
Body relatively deep, its depth 2.0-2.3 in SL. Last dorsal fin spine 1.2-1.6 in fourth to sixth spine. Except for short first spine, all anal-fin spines similar in length. Soft parts of dorsal and anal fins moderately high, longest anal-fin ray subequal to longest anal-fin spine. Caudal fin slightly concave. Color: dark bronze on dorsal half, becoming paler ventrally; many gun-metal blue spots on head and dorsal half of body; silvery blue undulating lines on ventral half of body. Size: maximum size 50 cm, commonly to 30 cm. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific from the Persian Gulf through the Malay Peninsula eastward to Vanuatu, northward to the Philippines, and southward to northern Australia. (Keiichi Matsuura)
พบตามปากแม่น้ำ ป่าชายเลน ท่าเทียบเรือ แนวปะการัง กองหินใต้น้ำ แหล่งหญ้าทะเลบ และ ชายฝั่งทะเลทั่วไป
Body oval but relatively slender, compressed, its depth 2.3 in SL. Snout strongly tublate. Sixth dorsal-fin spine longest. Last anal-fin spine longest, subequal to longest dorsal-fin spine. Caudal fin emarginate. Scales minute. Color: a black or dark brown band running from first or second dorsal-fin spine base through eye to chin; posterior ventrolateral head and anterior trunk white; posterior trunk and tail black or dark brown dorsally, paler ventrally; dorsal fin white or gray with red streaks on membrane of spinous part and red margin on soft part; anal, caudal and pectoral fins yellow; pelvic fin white. Size: maximum length 24 cm SL. Distribution: endemic to Andaman Sea. Remarks: similar to western Pacific species, Siganus unimaculatus (Evermann and Seal, 1907) and S. vulpinus (Schlegel and Müller, 1845), but distinguished from them by having white breast. (Seishi Kimura)
พบตามแนวปะการังที่ปะการังเขากวางหนาแน่นของหมุ่เกาะสิมิลัน เป็นปลาที่พบเฉพาะไทย และ อินโดนีเซียเท่านั้น
Distribution: Indo-Pacific. Compressed and deep-bodied like butterflyfishes. Mouth non-protrusible. Pelvics with axillary process. Deep notch on dorsal fin. First spine in dorsal fin procumbent. Spines in anal fin 4. Sixteen branched rays in caudal fin. Vertebrae 23 (11 + 12). To about 35 cm maximum length. Feed on algae and feces. Commonly kept in freshwater aquaria.
ปลาตะกรับเสือดาว
Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Spotted scat
ขนาด 35 cm
ปลางัวตัวแบน
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Usually two dorsal spines; the second is usually much smaller and it may be absent. Upper jaw usually with three teeth in outer and two in the inner series on each premaxillary, developed for nibbling; 19-31 vertebrae. Alutera scripta reaches 1 m maximum length. Most species feed on a wide variety of benthic invertebrates, but some specialize on corals or zooplankton. Filefishes lay demersal eggs in a site prepared and guarded by the male or both parents. Some of the subtropical species release eggs in open water.
ปลาวัว
Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Usually compressed body. Pelvic fins fused to one spine. First dorsal spine with locking mechanism. With 12 principal rays in caudal fin. 18 vertebrae. Upper jaw non-protrusible. Upper jaw usually with four teeth in outer and three in the inner series on each premaxillary. Capable of rotating eyeballs independently. Triggerfish normally swim by undulating their second dorsal and anal fins, but will use their tail for rapid bursts. Most triggerfishes are solitary diurnal carnivores, feeding on a wide variety of invertebrates including hard-shelled mollusks and echinoderms; some also feed on algae or zooplankton. They lay demersal eggs in a nest which is aggressively guarded by the female, less often by the male. Popular and hardy in aquaria, but often aggressive.
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![ปลาวัว
Abalistes stellatus ([Lacepède, 1798])
ขนาด 60 cm](http://siamfishing.com/_pictures/board/upload2011/201104/1302004424630947.jpg)
